Sanitary napkins are products that come into direct contact with the skin, and their chemical components may have potential impacts on human health. Although manufacturers typically control the usage levels of these substances, prolonged use could lead to cumulative effects and health problems. Therefore, choosing products with fewer or no such chemicals may help reduce health risks.

When purchasing and using sanitary napkins, consumers should aim to choose safer products to minimize exposure to harmful chemicals. Here are some common chemical components found in sanitary napkins and their potential health hazards:

1. Dioxin

• Chemical Composition and Source: Dioxin is a group of chlorinated organic compounds, primarily produced by the burning of chlorine-containing compounds, industrial processes, and chemical reactions.
• Health Hazards: Strong carcinogenicity, immunotoxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Contamination during production, contamination of raw materials.

2. Chlorine

• Chemical Composition and Source: Chlorine is a chemical element commonly used in disinfectants and bleach.
• Health Hazards: Respiratory irritation, skin and eye irritation, chlorine poisoning, carcinogenicity.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Bleaching process, use of disinfectants.

3. Lead

• Chemical Composition and Source: Lead is a heavy metal element with widespread usage.
• Health Hazards: Neurotoxicity, developmental impacts on children, kidney toxicity, reproductive toxicity.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Possible presence in dyes and printing inks.

4. Mercury

• Chemical Composition and Source: Mercury is a heavy metal element commonly found in industrial products.
• Health Hazards: Neurotoxicity, kidney toxicity, immune system effects, reproductive system effects.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Possible presence in dyes and printing inks.

5. Formaldehyde

• Chemical Composition and Source: Formaldehyde is an organic compound used as a preservative.
• Health Hazards: Respiratory irritation, skin irritation, carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Possible presence in preservatives, dyes, and printing inks.

6. Fluorescent Agents

• Chemical Composition and Source: Chemicals used for whitening and brightening.
• Health Hazards: Skin allergies and irritation, photosensitivity, potential toxicity.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Used for whitening and coloring, possible presence in dyes and printing inks.

7. Benzene

• Chemical Composition and Source: An organic compound commonly used as an industrial solvent.
• Health Hazards: Acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Treatment of absorbent materials, bleaching process, adhesives, and fragrances.

8. Chloroform

• Chemical Composition and Source: An organic compound commonly used as a solvent.
• Health Hazards: Acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Byproduct of the bleaching process.

9. Dichloromethane

• Chemical Composition and Source: An organic compound commonly used as a solvent.
• Health Hazards: Acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Use of solvents and material treatment.

10. Ethylbenzene

• Chemical Composition and Source: An organic compound commonly used as a solvent.
• Health Hazards: Acute toxicity, chronic toxicity.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Use of solvents.

11. n-Hexane

• Chemical Composition and Source: A colorless, volatile liquid with a faint odor, used as an industrial solvent.
• Health Hazards: Short-term inhalation of high concentrations can cause dizziness, headaches, nausea, respiratory difficulties, and severe cases can lead to coma. Long-term exposure can damage the peripheral nervous system, leading to neuropathy.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Solvents and chemicals used in the production process, such as cleaning equipment or bonding materials.

12. Styrene

• Chemical Composition and Source: A colorless to light yellow liquid with a sweet smell, used as the main monomer for synthesizing polystyrene plastics and resins.
• Health Hazards: Short-term inhalation of high concentrations can cause dizziness, headaches, respiratory irritation, long-term exposure can damage the central nervous system, and it is classified as a 2B carcinogen by IARC.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Components in absorbent materials like polystyrene and adhesives.

13. Tetrachloroethylene

• Chemical Composition and Source: A colorless, nonflammable liquid, mainly used as a dry-cleaning solvent and metal degreaser.
• Health Hazards: Inhalation of high concentrations can cause dizziness, headaches, nausea, long-term exposure can damage the liver and kidneys, and it is classified as a 2A carcinogen by IARC.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Used for cleaning or disinfecting materials during production, as a solvent.

14. O-Xylene

• Chemical Composition and Source: A colorless liquid with a sweet smell, used in producing paints, solvents, inks, etc.
• Health Hazards: Inhalation of high concentrations can cause dizziness, headaches, respiratory irritation, long-term exposure can damage the nervous system, liver, and kidneys.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Adhesives and solvents used in the production process, components in fragrances.

15. Toluene

• Chemical Composition and Source: A colorless liquid with an aromatic smell, widely used in paints, thinners, inks, etc.
• Health Hazards: Short-term inhalation of high concentrations can cause dizziness, headaches, nausea, long-term exposure can damage the nervous system, liver, and kidneys, and affect reproductive health.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Adhesives and solvents used in the production process, components in fragrances.

16. Trichloroethylene

• Chemical Composition and Source: A colorless to pale yellow volatile liquid, mainly used as an industrial solvent.
• Health Hazards: Inhalation of high concentrations can cause dizziness, headaches, respiratory difficulties, long-term exposure can damage the liver and kidneys, and it is classified as a class 1 carcinogen by IARC.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Adhesives and solvents used in the production process, components in cleaning agents and printing inks.

17. M-Xylene and P-Xylene

• Chemical Composition and Source: Isomers of xylene used in solvents, paints, etc.
• Health Hazards: Short-term inhalation of high concentrations can cause dizziness, headaches, respiratory irritation, long-term exposure can damage the nervous system, liver, and kidneys, and may have potential carcinogenicity.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Adhesives and solvents used in the production process, components in printing inks.

18. Coliform Group

• Chemical Composition and Source: A group of bacteria that usually indicates possible fecal contamination of the environment or food.
• Health Hazards: Ingesting contaminated food or water can cause gastrointestinal infections, leading to diarrhea, abdominal pain, and potentially severe infectious diseases.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Contamination from improper production, handling, or storage.

19. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

• Chemical Composition and Source: A bacteria widely found in the natural environment, known for strong antibiotic resistance.
• Health Hazards: Can cause infections in the skin, urinary tract, respiratory tract, and more, especially dangerous for immunocompromised individuals.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Contamination from improper production, handling, or storage.

20. Staphylococcus aureus

• Chemical Composition and Source: A common spherical bacterium found on human skin and in nasal passages.
• Health Hazards: Can cause skin and soft tissue infections, food poisoning, respiratory infections, and some strains are antibiotic-resistant, complicating treatment.
• Possible Source in Sanitary Napkins: Contamination from improper production, handling, or storage.

This summary covers the possible chemical components in sanitary napkins and their potential health hazards, aiming to provide readers with a clear understanding.